‘Science of the Secondary’ is a creative project by Singapore-based Alvin Ho and Clara Koh, who together go by HOKO. The series is a way for them to investigate the everyday and rediscover our curiosity about things and practices so familiar that we often overlook them.

To remove their rubbish, human beings have long since relied on the bin: they fill it up with all sorts of garbage and when it is more or less full and the stench becomes unbearable, one unfortunate individual will have the dreaded task of emptying it. It is curious, however, that in parts of the world untouched by man, bins are neither seen nor heard of and before our minds start conjuring scenes of animals burning their own garbage every night, a better explanation would be that the concept of rubbish simply do not exist in nature and therefore...no bin!

‘Science of the Secondary’ is a creative project by Singapore-based Alvin Ho and Clara Koh, who together go by HOKO. The series is a way for them to investigate the everyday and rediscover our curiosity about things and practices so familiar that we often overlook them.

To remove their rubbish, human beings have long since relied on the bin: they fill it up with all sorts of garbage and when it is more or less full and the stench becomes unbearable, one unfortunate individual will have the dreaded task of emptying it. It is curious, however, that in parts of the world untouched by man, bins are neither seen nor heard of and before our minds start conjuring scenes of animals burning their own garbage every night, a better explanation would be that the concept of rubbish simply do not exist in nature and therefore...no bin!